Zprávy památkové péče 2017, 77(6):642-648
The values of heritage properties as a tool for analyzing the interactions between conservation theory and practice
- Ústav dějin umění AV ČR, v. v. i.
Individual value categories, as a kind of general conceptual construct, may, regardless of the degree to which they are assigned at a given time and place, serve to mutually compare the significance that the individual actors of the assessment process attach to a particular work, set of works, or project on the basis of their own ideological anchoring. A coherent set of values thus creates a tool for a more systematic examination of relationships and mutual influence of architectural practice through contemporary ideas of heritage care. Moreover, however, the resulting more synthetic and methodologically more understandable view of this issue creates the prerequisites for assessing the impact of new findings on contemporary heritage care.
An essential prerequisite for the functionality of these analyses is the existence of a consistent and complete set of relevant values. The text deals with the discussion of selected older and contemporary domestic and foreign value models and the possibilities/limitations of their use for these purposes. On this basis, the text presents a model, proposed by the author, which considers the total value of an architectural work (heritage building), its part or set of buildings, respectively the urban compositional structures to be a system consisting of two components - the heritage values of the work and other values of the work beyond the framework of heritage values.
Heritage values are considered to be of two kinds - general heritage values which, to varying degrees, are found in all objects and aggregates, since they form an inseparable part of their own existence, and other heritage values that are bound to a specific area of valuation of a given work. The general heritage values include the authenticity of the structure or the aggregate, its integrity and its rarity. Heritage values linked to a certain specific area of valuation of a given work are constituted of values having an urban, artistic, historical, or building-technical character.
It is worth noting here that the philosophical-aesthetic categories that include quaintness and an emotional effect, but also the Rieglesque value of age, all of which can permeate individual heritage values to varying degrees, are not considered for the purposes of this model as separate heritage values, but rather as part of the internal structure of some of them. These categories act as a catalyst for the operation of the relevant heritage values. In this context, for example, the universal aesthetic value of heritage properties, which occupies a central position in Max Dvořák's conservation theory, appears as a result of the synthesis of aesthetic categories strongly permeating the individual values of works of art and their aggregates.
Other values of a work beyond its heritage values include economic value, novelty value, and value of modernity. All three form a natural part of the value structure of architectural and urban works and significantly influence their overall value.
The text details the contents of each value category with the objective of clarifying their internal structure and mutual relationships.
The application of the theoretical considerations on the possibilities of using a properly structured value system to investigate the relationship of subjects operating in the field of heritage care and building practice to heritage buildings or sets of buildings - and thus necessarily to one another - is demonstrated using the proposed value model on the case of the unrealized design by Pavel Janák to the Rosol Hotel associated with the proposal to restore the gable character of the southern front of today's Masaryk Square in Pelhřimov from 1912.
A deeper study of the mutual influence between the theory of heritage care and implementational practice has not yet been given the appropriate attention, which corresponds to the hitherto schematic and unprocessed approach to this issue. The essay offers one way to systematically research these complex relationships. If a professional discussion on this subject develops, it will mean not only an enrichment to the field itself, but will also create the preconditions for a more effective approach to cultural heritage care.
Keywords: values, value models, heritage property value, heritage care, Pavel Janák, Pelhřimov
Published: December 1, 2017 Show citation
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