Zprávy památkové péče 2022, 82(2):284-295

Areál poutního kostela sv. Jana Nepomuckého na Zelené hoře - 50 let památkové péče

Zdeněk Chudárek

NPÚ, Generální ředitelství v Praze

It was only thanks to the increased interest in the work of the architect Jan Santini in the 1960s that state institutions began to prepare the restoration of the church. Since the early 1970s, the restoration of the pilgrimage site has been financed exclusively by state subsidy programs and special state contributions. In 1973, the replacement of the tin roofing began, and the subsequent restoration of the facades extended until 1981. Particular attention was paid to the conservation and addition of all the plastic elements of the facades. In 1994, the site was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List and a year later the Zelená hora complex was declared a national cultural monument. With the new status of the Zelená hora monument, the restoration works gained momentum thanks to the high financial subsidy from the state budget, which enabled the comprehensive monumental restoration of the ambit. Particular attention was paid to research and documentation activities. The survey also confirmed that the plaster facade of the ambit was never completed according to Santini's authorial plan. This finding had a major influence on the determination of the conservation concept for the repair of the facades of the ambit. In the interiors of the ambit, the author's plaster with stucco decoration was completed, unlike the facades. However, it has almost completely disappeared, especially in the corridor sections. In view of the chosen method of restoration of the facades, a conservation method was adopted in the interiors of the ambit. The stucco star decoration was added only in the best preserved west gate and the adjacent chapel. In 2001, the restoration of the interior of the church began. In view of its importance, high demands were placed on research, project preparation and methodological decisions. In 2001 and 2003, the torso of the original pavement and its later additions were repaired in a rigorous conservation method. In 2004, a scaffold was erected to survey and repair the plasterwork of the dome of the nave of the church. Beneath the 19th century plaster, the presumed torso of the original decoration of the dome was found, namely traces of the severed ribs of the plastic star and the torso of the painting of the rays. The extent of the findings led to the reconstruction of the original stucco pattern and painting (completed 2008). In 2014, the grounds of the pilgrimage church returned to the ownership of the Roman Catholic Church after 61 years. New electrical wiring was installed, including the distribution of security systems. In late 2016, the parish received a grant to restore the fa_ade and complete the interior of the church, focusing on the furnishings and paving on the ground floor. In accordance with the new methodological approach to the restoration of the church interior, the approach to the plasterwork of the vaults of the four anterooms was further reassessed, where the original stucco pattern was reconstructed. In the interior of the church, the long-delayed restoration of the altars was carried out. The expected discovery of the original polychromes was confirmed. In 2016, work began on the reconstruction of the original pavement on the ground floor of the church. However, technological issues related to the production of copies of the tiles remained a problem. These were answered only in 2020, and a year later the completed paving was laid. In the course of the restoration of the interior of the church between 2001 and 2021, there was a substantial change in conceptual approach from strictly conservation repairs to reconstruction steps based on objective knowledge. The restoration of the facades and plastering of the interior of the ambo, which began in 2022, is largely influenced by the methodological approach of recent years.

Zveřejněno: 1. červen 2022  Zobrazit citaci